DAILY QUIZ- NOV 16

1.      Consider the following statements about Alzheimer’s disease:

1)     Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia.

2)     It is a progressive disease beginning with mild memory loss.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a)     1 only

b)     2 only

c)      Both 1 and 2

d)     Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: C

Explanation:

Alzheimer’s threat

·         Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia.

·         It is a progressive disease beginning with mild memory loss and possibly leading to loss of the ability to carry on a conversation and respond to the environment.

·         It involves parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language.

·         It is difficult to diagnose, especially during its early stages.

·         It can seriously affect a person’s ability to carry out daily activities.

2.      Consider the following statements about X-ray Fluorescence:

1)      X-ray fluorescence is commonly used to study the composition of materials in a non-destructive manner.

2)      When compared to Moon, the Earth is significantly depleted of volatile elements such as sodium.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a)     1 only

b)     2 only

c)      Both 1 and 2

d)     Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: A

Explanation:

X-ray Fluorescence

·         X-ray fluorescence is commonly used to study the composition of materials in a non-destructive manner.

·         When the sun gives out solar flares, a large amount of X-ray radiation falls on the moon, triggering X-ray fluorescence.

·         The CLASS instrument of Chandrayaan-2 is a X-ray spectrometer.

·         It measures the energy of the X-ray photons coming from the moon and counts the total number.

·         The energy of the photons indicates the atom (for instance, sodium atoms emit X-ray photons of 1.04 keV) and the intensity is a measure of how many atoms are present.

·         When compared to Earth, the moon is significantly depleted of volatile elements such as sodium.

·         The amount of volatiles on the moon today can be used to test formation scenarios of the Earth-Moon system.

·         Sodium can be used as a tracer of the volatile history of the moon.

3. Consider the following statements about Long-Term Low Emissions Development Strategy:

1)     The strategy is aimed at rational utilisation of national resources with due regard to energy security.

2)     It focuses on the increased use of biofuels, especially ethanol blending in petrol.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a)     1 only

b)     2 only

c)      Both 1 and 2

d)     Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: C

Explanation:

Long Term-Low Emission Development Strategy:

·         Objectives - The strategy is aimed at rational utilisation of national resources with due regard to energy security.

·         It further focuses on the increased use of biofuels, especially ethanol blending in petrol.

·         It also envisages maximising the use of green hydrogen fuel to drive the low carbon development of the transport sector. 

·         It further says that the transitions from fossil fuels will be undertaken in a just, smooth, sustainable and all-inclusive manner.

·         India’s LT-LEDS is premised on expanding its nuclear power capacity by at least three-fold in the next decade.

·         These steps are consonant with India’s “five-decade journey” to net zero, or being carbon neutral by 2070 - a commitment made by Indian Prime Minister at Glasgow, where the 26th COP 2021 was held.